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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
“上百盒布洛芬被扔垃圾桶”热搜 囤药过期后应如何处理？******
中新网2月3日电 (中新财经 左雨晴) 近日，#上百盒布洛芬被扔垃圾桶# #网友囤1000片退烧药全砸手里了# 登上微博热搜，引发网友关注。过期药到底应该如何处理？随意丢弃有多大危害？
媒体：上百盒未拆封布洛芬被扔
据媒体报道，近日，有网友发现有大量布洛芬连同其他药物一起被丢弃在楼下垃圾桶里，这些药品均未拆封，保守估计有上百盒。另有网友在网上晒出自己购买的1000片退烧药，并称：“阳之前买的，阳康之后很久，年二十七八才到货。”
对此，有网友表示，这是“部分人不理智囤货的结果，浪费资源。”有网友认为这是黄牛囤货行为，令人气愤。还有网友心疼道：“哪家垃圾桶，我这就过去收破烂。”“布洛芬过期一年也还能吃呀，为什么要扔呢？”
部分网友评论。 截图自微博。不过，也有网友表达了不同的看法：“囤货就像买保险，不想浪费，但又不希望用得上。”
此前，有关部门曾多次呼吁不要盲目囤药，并打击高价倒卖、哄抬药价乱象。例如，广东省药监局曾发文提醒：药物都有保质期，存储也有一定的条件要求，保管不当容易变质，过多药物长期存放容易造成浪费。
布洛芬过期了还能吃吗？
那么，过期的布洛芬能否照常服用？
一名药学业内人士告诉中新财经，药品超出有效期后并不建议服用。“即使保管再好，药效也会下降，而且过期药还会发生变质、霉变等问题，不治病反而害人了。”
她表示，药品在有效期内也要妥善保存。“发现药品出现受潮、霉变、崩裂或者没按药品要求避光、阴凉处贮存，又或没按要求冷藏规范保存等情况也不要再吃。”
过期药品能否随意丢弃？
此外，过期药品也不宜随意丢弃。大量弃药不仅会造成资源浪费，还会对环境造成污染。
根据《国家危险废物名录(2021年版)》，过期药品属于危险废物。随意丢弃的药品在分解后容易污染土壤和水体，从而对人和动植物造成危害。一些挥发性强的过期药品还可能成为过敏源。此外，过期药品在随意丢弃后可能会被不法商贩或不法医疗机构二次回收并再次出售，有害病人身体健康。
2022年，最高人民法院通报了一批固体废物污染环境典型案例。其中，某生化药业未经无害化处理，将一批超3吨的过期药品私自倾倒、处置，被告人最高被判处有期徒刑十个月并罚款。
不过，《国家危险废物名录》的附录《危险废物豁免管理清单》也明确，家庭日常生活或者为日常生活提供服务的活动中产生的废药品属于生活垃圾中的危险废物，只要未集中收集，上述废药品可不按危险废物管理，按照生活垃圾处理。
资料图：医务人员正将配送到的感冒药放入药架。 中新社记者 易海菲 摄2019年，住建部等多部门发文，在全国地级及以上城市全面启动生活垃圾分类工作。按照分类，“废药品及其包装物”属于有害垃圾，随生活垃圾分散丢弃、分类回收。
此前，国家药监局在答复网友“过期药品如何处理”时曾表示，如果家庭过期药品没有被分类集中收集，可以破坏药品包装盒后，随生活垃圾分散丢弃、分类回收，相对风险较小。家庭过期药品如果送至正规回收点进行统一回收，需集中进行无害化处理，以减少对环境产生的危害。(完)
（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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